In 1860 in a small town near Milan, the liquor known as Campari was created. Originally called
Bitter all'Uso d'Holanda, it is an infusion of aromatic herbs and other plants (such as ginseng) as well as fruit (like oranges and rhubarb). Made up of anywhere from twenty to sixty ingredients, it is a closely guarded secret. A "bitter" liquor, it’s considered medicinal in quality and was originally taken undiluted before lunch to aid in digestion.
The first Campari cocktail came about during the
belle époque of the 1890s. Called the Milano-Torino after the source of its two main ingredients, Campari and vermouth (along with a shot of club soda), the drink was renamed the Americano after its popularity with Americans (and perhaps a marketing ploy to cause more Americans to order it). In 1960, Ian Fleming featured the Americano in his James Bond novel
Casino Royale, the first alcoholic drink Bond orders, and in
From a View to Kill Bond even clarifies he prefers drinking it over his usual choices when at an outside cafe.